Introduction to AEO and GEO: why traditional SEO is no longer enough, and what steps SMEs can take to become visible in AI-generated search results.
ChatGPT has 400 million weekly users. Perplexity is growing fast. Google's AI overviews now appear at the top of results before any traditional links.
If your brand isn't showing up in AI-generated answers, you're invisible to a growing and increasingly influential share of your market.
This isn't a future concern. It's a current one.
What's Actually Changed
For 20 years, search marketing meant one thing: Google. Get to page one. Build backlinks. Produce content Google likes.
That model isn't dead. But it's no longer complete.
Increasingly, the first answer a buyer gets to a research question isn't a list of links — it's a generated paragraph. AI overviews in Google. Answers in ChatGPT or Claude. Perplexity summaries that synthesise multiple sources.
These answers cite specific brands and sources. Some businesses appear in them regularly. Most don't appear at all.
The businesses that appear have, largely by design or accident, done things that make them citable by AI systems. The ones that don't appear are typically invisible because their content doesn't answer questions the way AI systems reward.
Two New Terms Worth Understanding
AEO — Answer Engine Optimisation
Traditional SEO asks: how do I rank for this keyword?
AEO asks: when a user asks this question to an AI system, does that system cite or recommend my brand?
The techniques overlap with good SEO — quality content, domain authority, E-E-A-T signals — but AEO adds specific considerations around how content is structured to be extractable and citable by language models.
GEO — Generative Engine Optimisation
Related to AEO but focuses specifically on appearing in AI-generated content at scale. When a language model is generating advice about a category your business operates in, does it include you among the options it surfaces?
GEO is newer and less codified — but the early principles are becoming clearer.
How to Check If You're Showing Up
The simplest starting point: ask. Literally.
Open ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Google with AI overviews enabled. Ask the questions your ideal clients ask before hiring someone like you.
"What agencies specialise in Webflow development in Europe?"
"What should I look for when hiring a brand agency?"
"Who are the best web design agencies for B2B SaaS companies?"
Are you in the answers? If not, you're not visible at the top of this funnel.
Also search for your company name directly. Does the AI provide accurate, current, positive information? Is there anything missing that should be there?
What Makes a Brand Visible in AI Results
Based on what's understood about how these systems work, several factors increase the likelihood of being cited:
Consistent, topic-specific content. Publishing regularly on a coherent set of topics signals expertise in those areas. AI systems develop association between brands and subjects through the volume and quality of published content.
Question-answering structure. Content structured around explicit questions — FAQ sections, conversational headings, direct answers at the start of sections — is more extractable by AI systems than densely prose-driven content.
E-E-A-T signals. Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trustworthiness — Google's framework, but increasingly applicable to how all AI systems evaluate credibility. Author credentials, specific claims with sourcing, evidence of direct experience.
Third-party mentions. Being cited by other credible sources — trade publications, partner sites, directories, PR — increases the signal that your brand is a legitimate authority in your space.
Structured data. Schema markup helps AI systems understand what your business does, where it operates, and what questions it can answer. Basic structured data implementation is now table stakes.
Being specific about what you do and who you serve. Broad, generic positioning is hard to cite relevantly. "Digital marketing agency" is nowhere. "Webflow agency for European B2B companies" is citable in specific queries.
The Practical Priority List
If you're starting from zero on AI visibility, here's where to focus:
- Check your current visibility — the direct question method above, across 3–4 AI platforms
- Audit your content for question-answering structure — add FAQ sections, restructure for direct answers
- Tighten your positioning copy — be specific about who you serve, where, and what problem you solve
- Build a content plan around the questions your clients ask — not just the keywords, but the actual phrasing
- Add structured data — at minimum, organisation schema and FAQ schema on key pages
- Pursue third-party mentions — PR, guest content, directory listings, case studies that get published externally
None of this is entirely new. Good SEO has always meant answering questions well. But the stakes have changed. The answer you're being judged against isn't page two of Google anymore. It's the AI-generated paragraph that appears before page one.